Oxidation States The common or dominant oxidation state of the actinides is +III. Some of them form higher oxidation states...
The lanthanides are soft silvery metals that tarnish in the air due to oxidation. They have high melting and boiling...
The elements from Z = 89 to 103 are actinides. They constitute the second inner transition series within the fourth transition series. They are denoted by the symbol...
Introduction In the periodic table. the third transition series begins with the element of atomic number 57 (La)and ends with...
What is Donnan equilibrium? The molar mass of charged macromolecules, determined by osmotic pressure measurements in...
Occurrence All the lanthanides, except promethium, occur in nature. Elements with even atomic numbers (with an even number of...
The elements Zn, Cd and Hg constitute group 12 of the periodic table.These differ from their preceding transition elements because they do not form ions with incomplete d shells. However, they resemble the d-block elements in...
Copper, silver and gold form a subgroup (group 11); these mark the end of their respective d-block series. They are called coinage metals as they are traditionally used for making coins. These atoms have the configurations...
The second triad of group VIII, comprising ruthenium, rhodium and palladium, and the third triad comprising osmium, iridium and platinum, are collectively called the platinum metals. The names of these metals have the following...
Consider a reaction, \[\displaystyle {{M}_{m}}+{{M}_{n}}\to...
