WHAT IS CONDUCTANCE?
When a potential difference is applied between the two electrodes, the flow of electricity through the solution of electrolytes is due to the migration of the ions.
Negatively charged ions known as anions move toward the positively charged electrodes called anodes, whereas positively charged ions known as cations move towards the negatively charged electrode and are known as cathodes. The electricity flow through the solution is called conductance (G).
Also, another way is expressed as the reciprocal of resistance (R) of the solution.
G = 1/R
Unit of conductance = ohm-1 (ῼ-1)
SI unit = Siemen (S)
Specific Conductance:
WHAT IS A SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE?
The reciprocal of specific resistance is known as specific conductance (1/ρ)
Resistance is directly proportional to the length and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area denoted by the,
R l/a , R =ρ (l/a)
ρ = Constant (Specific resistance)
Conductance of 1-meter cube of material denoted as k.
k = 1/ρ =(l/a) (1/R)
=(l/a) (Conductance)
k = S × m/m2
Specific conductance unit = sm-1
EQUIVALENT CONDUCTANCE:
WHAT IS EQUIVALENT CONDUCTANCE?
Equivalent conductance is the conducting power of all the ions produced by one gram equivalent of an electrolyte in a given solution. It is expressed by (Λ)
Conductance (G) = Specific conductance (k) = Equivalent conductance (Λ)
Molar Conductance:
WHAT IS MOLAR CONDUCTANCE?
A conducting power of all the ions produced by one mole of the electrolyte in a given solution is called molar conductance and is expressed as Λm
Λm = Specific conductance × 1/C
= k/C
k = Sm-1 and C = mol m-3
Λm= Sm2 mol-1
